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Low Self-Esteem and Trait Theory

Self esteem is considered to be a “dynamic” and ever “changing construct” and has been viewed by researchers as the proportion between the success and pretensions of an individual or even an affirmative or pessimistic assessment of the self (Baldwin & Hoffmann, 2002). Low self esteem can generate emotions of worthlessness in individuals which can negatively affect their occupational, social and personal relationships (Baldwin & Hoffmann, 2002). It has been noted that all or five of the following traits are apparent in individuals with low self esteem. These include instability in relationships, reckless behavior which could be self damaging, emotional insecurity, anger, suicidal intimidation or damage to self, disturbed personality, feelings of worthlessness or boredom and frenzied efforts to avoid real or anticipated rejection (Diblasio & Belcher). Self esteem is known to reduce with the negative and stressful events in the life of individuals resulting in feelings of anger, frustration, anxiety and abnormal activities.
Costa & McCrae (1998), have confirmed that Trait theory can be used to describe the important features and aspects of personality on the basis of sveral traits which are directly connected to the behavior of individuals. According to the the five-Factor model of Costa and McCrae (1992),  the personality of a person can be assessed on the basis of the traits demonstrated by the person’s behaviors and attitudes. The authors have clearly outlined several traits where O stands for openness, C stands for conscientiousness, E stands for extraversion, A stands for agreeableness and N stands for neuroticism in a person. Thus, a person with low self esteem is likely to score low on the openness scale and high on the neuroticism scale which can be identified by several behaviors including anxiety, moodiness, depression, shyness, and irrationality, feelings of guilt and high levels of emotionality.   anxious, depressed, moody, shy, tense, irrational, guilt feeling, low self-esteem, and emotional (Eysenck & Gudjonsson, 1989).     

References

Baldwin, Scott A., & Hoffmann, John P., (2002). The dynamics of self-esteem: a growth-curve analysis. Journal of Youth and Adolescence.
Diblasio F.,A., & Belcher J., R.,(1993). Social Work Outreach to Homeless People and the Need to Address Issues of Self-Esteem. Health & Social Work, v18 n4 p281-87.